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The First Hong Kong Coins II

The Hong Kong One Cent Coin


As a result of the Treaty of Nanking, Hong Kong became a British Colony in 1841, but the Hong Kong's own coinage did not come into existence until 23 years later. Sir Hercules Robinson, the Fifth Governor of Hong Kong [1859-1865]. who declared that the commencement of Hongkong's own coinage on 16th February 1864. Though Royal Proclamation had already granted the use of the new coinage in Hong Kong on 9th January 1863.
Before Hong Kong had her own coinage, Hong Kong currency followed the British sterling system with an official gold standard. Although it was unworkable for the trading economy between Hong Kong and Mainland China at that time. Later, as the traders and settlers of Hong Kong were accustomed to the Chinese system of using weighed silver as money, Hong Kong monetary authority had to change its currency standard from gold to silver in order to secure a better trading relationship with the Chinese in Kwangtung Province. So that the using of Hong Kong daily currencies tended to similarity with Mainland China. Traders and settlers of Hong Kong used Spanish or Mexican eight Reales silver coins and Chinese silver bars or ingots for large amount of transactions and used Chinese copper cash, as well as the Indian or British low denomination silver, copper coins for the small payment.

The Official Exchange Rate: 1 Pound Sterling = 5 Mexican Dollars 1 Mexican Dollar = 2 and 1/4 Indian Rupees 1 Mexican Dollar = 1200 Copper cash

The issuing of Hong Kong first coinage were in three denominations including a silver ten cents, a copper cent and a copper mil. All three types of coin were minted in England, but were designed for use in Hong Kong. The value of each coin was denoted in both Chinese and English.



Marks of Rareness of the Collected Currencies
Extremely Rare A ~ Very Rare B ~ Rare C ~ Not So Many D ~ Common E

Obverse Reverse Description
No. 112
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness C
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
The inscriptions bearing on the obverse of this coin are Victoria Queen crowned bust left [Type 1]. There are fourteen pearls on the left arch of the crown (fifteen in Type 2). On the reverse of this coin are four Chinese characters means Hong Kong one cent, in the center of a beaded circle. Characters HONG - KONG above and ONE CENT 1863 below the circle.
People of Hong Kong always took this type of coins into the adjacent Kwangtung territory, where they were often sold at the rate of seven or eight hundred for a silver dollar. This western style coinage in Hongkong directly influenced the Chinese mint authority in Kwangtung Province, they decided to mint the copper coin "T'ung Yuan" in order to solve the problem of the shortage of the copper cash in circulation in Kwangtung Province.
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 380
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness D
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
The inscriptions bearing on the obverse of this coin are Victoria Queen crowned second bust. Similar to first type but slightly older portrait of the Queen. More pronounced nostrils and a more rounded chin, with a thicker neck. A lock of hair hangs down onto the neck, and the ear is partly covered by hair. The crown of this Hong Kong 1877 coin is slightly taller with fifteen pearls on the left arch (fourteen in Type 1).
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 381
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness D
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
The inscriptions bearing on the obverse of this coin are Victoria Queen crowned second bust. Similar to the above 1877 coin, but the hair style is not the same as before, especially, the queue is rearranged on the hair tuft. Some of the 1879 Cent were used the third bust [Type 3] which designed with five pearls on centre of crown in lieu of three on types 1 and 2.
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 331
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness D
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
The inscriptions bearing on the obverse of this coin are Victoria Queen crowned bust left. This is the third bust [Type 3] which designed with five pearls on centre of crown. This also is the last issuing of one cent coin which bearing the portrait of the Queen Victoria. On the reverse of this coin are four Chinese characters means Hong Kong one cent, in the center of a beaded circle. Characters HONG - KONG above, ONE CENT 1901 below the circle and there is no mintmark below or above hyphen.
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 113
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness D
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
This coin is known as King Edward VII One Cent coin. Inscriptions on the obverse are King Edward VII crowned bust right and characters EDWARD VII KING & EMPEROR. The image of Edward VII King was designed by G.W. de Saulles [Engraver of the Royal Mint] who designed Edward's British coins too. Inscriptions on the reverse are same as those used during the latter part of Queen Victoria's reign except the issued date is 1905 instead of 1901. "H" mintmark below hyphen on reverse indicated that this coin was minted in R. Heaton and Sons Ltd. [now The Mint, Birmingham Ltd. Another mintmark is "KN" which reprsenting those coins struck at the King's Norton Metal Co., Ltd.]
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 114
Diam.
27 mm
Wt. 7.5 g.
Rareness E
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
As I know that very few coins were issued for Hong Kong during the reign of George V. One cent coins were occasinally issued after 1919. For the 4 years between 1923 to 1926, the issuing of one cent coins were only 12,500,000 pieces.
This coin was minted by Birmingham Mint. This is the first coin bore an image of King George V. Inscriptions on the obverse of this coin are King George V crowned bust left, dot below bust. GEORGE V KING AND EMPEROR OF INDIA. Inscriptions on the reverse are characters HONG-KONG ONE CENT 1919, and four Chinese characters within abeaded circle. "H" mintmark located below the hyphen.
Mintage of one cent coins:
1919 - 2,500.000 | 1923 - 2,500,000 | 1924 - 5,000,000 | 1925 - 2,500,000 | 1926 - 2,500,000 pieces
Obverse Reverse Description
No. 338
Diam.
21.5 mm
Wt. 4g.
Rareness E
Mint Evolution and Peculiarity
In order to preventing the illegally melting of bronze cents for sale as scrap matal, Hong Kong cents were produced in reduced-size for reasons of economy in 1930s. It was because the Hong Kong cents came to be worth more as metal than as coins. During the years of 1931, 1933 and 1934, there were about 16,500,000 pieces of one cent coins in reduced-size issued to the society of Hong Kong. [Size reduced from 27.8 mm to 22 mm]
This coin is another type of the King George V cent coin. Inscriptions on the obverse of this coin are King George V crowned bust left, dot below bust. GEORGE V KING AND EMPEROR OF INDIA. Inscriptions on the reverse are characters HONG-KONG ONE CENT 1933, and four Chinese characters within abeaded circle. There is no mintmark located below the hyphen, I think this coin was minted by Royal Mint.
Mintage of reduced-size one cent coins:
1931 - 5,000,000 | 1933 - 6,500,000 | 1934 - 5,000,000 pieces
Mintage of the most rarest Hong Kong coin:
1941 One Cent - 5,000,000 pieces


You can also view the Hong Kong 1 Cent 1941 or
Hong Kong Ten Cents Coin and or Hong Kong One Mil Coin page.


    Bibliography

  1. Ray Hamson : Regal Coinage of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Museum of History handbook, 1966.
  2. Robert Lam : The Currency of Hong Kong, published by the Urban Council,Oct., 1983. ISBN 962-7039-08-1 UC 10483.
  3. Joe Cribb : Money in the Bank, published by Spink and Son Ltd 1987, ISBN 0907605 22 2
  4. Chester L. Krause and Clifford Mishler Colin R. Bruce II. : Standard catalog of World Coins 1991, 18th edition.

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Any additional comment would be much appreciated, you can send it to Y K Leung.










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